General Requirements Personal Protective Equipment

General Requirements

* Employer shall ensure that PPE be provided, used, and maintained in a sanitary and reliable condition to prevent injury.

* When employees provide their own PPE, the employer shall assure the adequacy, including the proper maintenance and sanitation, of such equipment.

Hazard Assessment and Equipment Selection

•Employers are required to assess the workplace to determine if hazards that require the use of 

PPE are present. Employers must select and have affected employees use properly fitted PPE

 suitable for protection from existing hazards.

•Employers must certify in writing that a workplace hazard assessment has been performed.

Continued

•Defective or damaged PPE shall not be used.

•Before doing work requiring of PPE, employees must be trained to know when PPE is necessary, 

What type is necessary, how it is to be worn, and what its limitations, as well as know its proper 

care, maintenance, and storage.

Job Hazards

Examples of Job Hazards are:

•Noise

•Chemicals

•Accidental Impact

•Sharp objects

•Flying Particles

•Dust & Mists

•Bright Light

•Vibration

Protecting your eyes

Your eyes are very sensitive organs and may be easily injured.  Eye Hazards include:

–Chemical Splashes

–Flying dust, chips, sparks

–High Heat

–Intense or UV light

Specific hazards include…

IMPACT - Chipping, grinding machining, masonry work, woodworking, sawing, drilling, chiseling,

powered fastening, riveting, and sanding.

HEAT - Furnace operations, pouring, casting, hot dipping, welding

LIGHT or RADIATION - Electric arc welding, gas welding, gas cutting

IRRITANTS / CORROSIVES - mists, dusts, sprays, splashes

Face Protection

Use a face shield when any of the following hazards exist:

•Chemical splashes

•Liquid spray

•Flying chips or sparks

•High Heat

Special face shield  

When using a faceshield…

Always use the correct type eye protection with a faceshield….

A faceshiled is NOT designed to protect your eyes

Types of Eye Protection

Safety Glasses – for flying chips & low hazards

Vented Goggles – for dust and non-hazardous mist

Non-Vented Goggles – hazardous chemicals

Dark Lenses – intense or UV light

Types of Eye Protection

Non – vented Goggles

Safety Glasses

Welding Eye Protection

Respiratory Protection

OSHA standards require employers to establish and maintain respiratory protection program whenever respirators are necessary to protect the health of employees.

Types of Respiratory Protective Devices

1-  Air - Purifying Devices

2-  Air – Supplying Devices

3-  Combination Air – Purifying and Air   – Supplying Devices.

1- Air – Purifying Respirators

•This types of respirators is limited in its use to those environments where the air contaminant level is within the specified concentration limitation of the device.

•These devices do not protect against oxygen deficiency.

Air – Purifying Devices

1- Mechanical – Filter Respirators

2- Chemical – Cartridge Respirators

3- Combination Mechanical-filter/Chemical

     cartridge respirators.

4- Gas Masks

5- Powered air – purifying respirators

Air – Purifying Devices

2- Air – Supplying Devices

•Air – supplying devices provide a respirable atmosphere to the wearer, independent of the ambient air.

•They fall into three groups:

•Supplied – air respirators

•Self – contained breathing apparatus

•Combination SCBA and supplied – air respirators.

Deliver breathing air through a supply hose connected to the wearer’s facepiece. The air is delivered from a compressed air supply.

Self – Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Provide complete respiratory protection against toxic gases and an oxygen deficiency.

The wearer is independent of the surrounding atmosphere.

Combination SCBA and Supplied air respirators

•Are air – line respirators with an auxiliary self – contained air supply.

•An auxiliary SCBA is an independent air supply that allows a person to evacuate an area for a 

very short period of time.

•These devices are approved for use in IDLH atmospheres.

•The auxiliary air supply can be switched to in the event the primary air supply fails to operate.

3- Combination Air – Purifying and Air – Supplying Devices

•It is a device that is a combination of an air – line respirator with an auxiliary air purifying 

attachment, which provides protection in the event the air supply fails.

•They often used with high-efficiency filter as the air purifying element.

•Use in the filtering mode is allowed for escape only.

Head Protection

•Head injuries are caused by falling or flying objects, or bumping the head against a fixed object.

•Head protection, in the form of protective hats, must do two things:

•1- Resist penetration.

•2- Absorb the shock of a blow.

Head Injuries

Continued

•Head protection by using hat hats is accomplished by making the shell of the hat of a material 

hard enough to resist the blow.

•Also by utilizing a shock-absorbing lining composed of headband and crown straps to keep the 

shell away from the wearer’s skull. (safety zone: 1 to 1.25 inches).

•Protective hats also must be used to protect against electrical shock.

Hats Material & Components

Types and Classes of Protective Hats

Type 1:

Helmets with full brim, not less than 1.25 inches wide.

Type 2:

Brimless helmets with a peak extending forward from the crown.

Class 1:

General service, limited voltage protection.

Class 2:

Utility service, high-voltage protection.

Class 3:

Special service, no voltage protection.

Replace your hard hat if…

The suspension system shows signs of deterioration such as:

•Cracking,

•Tearing, or

•Fraying

The suspension system no longer holds the shell from 1 inch to 1 1/4 inches away from the head.

Foot Hazards

¨Heavy objects such as barrels or tools that might roll onto or fall onto your feet.

¨Sharp objects such as nails or spikes that might pierce the soles or uppers of ordinary shoes.

¨Molten metal that might splash

¨Hot, slippery or wet surfaces

¨Corrosive Chemicals

Hazardous conditions…

IMPACT - Carrying or handling materials such as packages, objects, parts or heavy tools which could- be dropped

COMPRESSION - Work activities involving skid trucks (manual material handling carts, around bulk rolls,

around heavy pipes

PUNCTURE - Sharp object hazards such as nails, wire, tacks, screws, large staples, scrap metal, etc

CHEMICAL - Check MSDS for protection

Foot Hazards

Foot Protection

Electrical Protective Devices

Insulated PPE shall be used near exposed energized conductors:

Insulating rubber gloves.

Safety boots

Eye and face protection

Plastic Helmet.

Hand Hazards

•Cuts & punctures

•Chemical exposure

•Vibration

•Electric shock

•Burns

•Heat & Cold

•Biohazards

Glove selection

Not all gloves are created equal…. Ensure the glove you use will protect your hands from the specific hazards of the job.

Chemical gloves do not last forever… understand the chemical and “break-through” characteristics of your specific glove

Before you use…

¨Use the proper glove for the task

¨Remove rings & bracelets

¨Do not wear gloves if they can be caught in machinery

¨Check gloves for wear and damage

Protect your hearing…

Use hearing protection when:

Noise levels is 85 dB or Higher

•in high noise areas

•using power saws, impact tools, etc.

•off the job when shooting, using power tools, etc.

Replace worn or broken hearing protectors immediately

Hearing Protectors

1- Ear Muffs

2- Ear Plugs

3- Ear Canal

NRR: Noise Reduction Rate of the Hearing Protector.

Safety Belts and Life Line

Use safety belts and rope rescue when working in high places in order to secure the worker of risk of falling, and are currently used belt parachute instead of the normal use of the belt.
In the case of working indoors or reservoirs is used for special safety belt Safety Harness and rope rescue, and so can output worker in the upright position is not in danger of being injured when ejected in an emergency.

Used bibs made ​​of rubber or plastic to prevent the risk of electrical and chemical

Used bibs made ​​of leather or asbestos in the case of fire prevention

Use the whole suit of asbestos overlying aluminum foil, where these chips with a shiny surface reflects heat radiation, and in the case of exposure to X-rays or gamma rays

Used foil -lined clothing such as lead aprons work of rubber or plastic skin lining of the lead, and in the case of exposure to X-rays or gamma rays

This is a brief account of the tasks of PPE used in all of the risks, but when you define the mission and one of these tasks must study the full specifications and detailed knowledge of the optimal methods of use and the extent of the efficiency of prevention

Body protection:

Used bibs made ​​of rubber or plastic to prevent the risk of electrical and chemical

Used bibs made ​​of leather or asbestos in the case of fire prevention

Use the whole suit of asbestos overlying aluminum foil, where these chips with a shiny surface reflects heat radiation, and in the case of exposure to X-rays or gamma rays

Used foil -lined clothing such as lead aprons work of rubber or plastic skin lining of the lead, and in the case of exposure to X-rays or gamma rays

This is a brief account of the tasks of PPE used in all of the risks, but when you define the mission and one of these tasks must study the full specifications and detailed knowledge of the optimal methods of use and the extent of the efficiency of prevention

Protect yourself…

Use the right PPE for the Hazard

Inspect your PPE before using

Replace damaged or worn PPE

Store your PPE properly so it will be ready for the next use

Keep your PPE clean

Notify your supervisor if you need new PPE